Coal2Canopy research basis and case study
Coal2Canopy was inspired by a 30-year research project studying successful tree planting techniques, species, and combinations of species into compacted, low-nutrient coal tip surfaces in Varteg, Pontypool, South Wales. This research project was underpinned by a vision to support ecological resilience, community regeneration and ecosystems services, whilst also mitigating the climate and biodiversity crises.
The practical research project was started by started by Emeritus Professor Martin Haigh and his team of volunteers in 1990 – the Cradle for Nature team. Their aim was to explore practical and sustainable ways of reclaiming old opencast coal sites in South Wales and provide a ‘cradle for nature’. Thousands of trees have now been planted at the original research site, and records have been kept each year detailing tree growth, soil condition and increases in biodiversity.
In 2022, Stump Up For Trees took over the research project and continues to monitor its progress. On the last survey, SUFT documented flocks of Siskins feeding on Birch seeds and Fieldfares feeding on Hawthorn. There was also a huge variety of mosses, lichens and fungi. All indicators of a happy and healthy woodland ecosystem being established. This is a testament to the tremendous passion and dedication by the Cradle for Nature team over the years.
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This video of the Varteg site was taken in August 2026, and shows the stark difference between the lush woodland and the surrounding ecosystem after prolonged drought conditions. The research project also planted mosaic multi-story flora adjacent to the main woodland site. This showcases alternative approaches to supporting flora and biodiversity on and around the coal tips that litter the South Wales landscape.
